F-16 Fighter Wins First Air-to-Air Fight For Ukraine

Experts spoke about the missile that hit the Russian Su-34.

According to several reports published on social networks on October 13, 2024, an F-16 fighter jet operated by the Ukrainian Air Force shot down a Russian Su-34 fighter-bomber. This victory, Ukraine's first in air-to-air combat using the F-16, was achieved with the advanced AIM-9X Sidewinder missile, known for its infrared homing and high maneuverability, writes Army Recognition.

The AIM-9X, widely regarded for its lethality, gives the F-16 a significant edge in dogfights, able to engage enemy aircraft at high angles and within close-range combat scenarios.

The F-16 Fighting Falcon is renowned for its versatile air-to-air combat capabilities, combining advanced avionics, radar systems, and an array of precision-guided missiles. One of its standout features is the AN/APG-66(V2) radar, which allows it to track multiple targets simultaneously while providing enhanced detection range and precision.

The F-16 can carry a range of air-to-air missiles, including the AIM-120 AMRAAM for beyond-visual-range engagements and the AIM-9X Sidewinder for close-range dogfighting. Thanks to its off-boresight capability, the AIM-9X's ability to lock onto targets from extreme angles makes it particularly lethal in close-quarters combat. This mix of radar-guided and infrared-guided weapons enables the F-16 to dominate in both long-range and short-range engagements.

Compared to other contemporary fighter aircraft, such as Russia’s Su-35 and MiG-31, the F-16 has certain advantages regarding agility and electronic warfare capabilities. While the Su-35 boasts superior long-range radar and missile systems, the F-16 compensates with its superior maneuverability and integrated electronic warfare systems like the Pylon Integrated Dispensing System (PIDS), which deploys countermeasures to evade radar-guided threats.

This agility, coupled with advanced helmet-mounted cueing systems that allow pilots to engage targets by simply looking at them, gives the F-16 a distinct advantage in close combat.

AIM-9X Sidewinder

The AIM-9X Sidewinder missile is a state-of-the-art air-to-air weapon that has revolutionized modern dogfighting. Its infrared (heat-seeking) guidance system allows it to detect and lock onto the heat signature of an enemy aircraft, typically from the engines, making it highly effective against fast-moving targets. What sets the AIM-9X apart from previous iterations is its "high off-boresight" capability. This means that the pilot doesn’t need to be directly facing the enemy to fire; the missile can target and hit aircraft even at extreme angles relative to the jet's flight path.

This off-boresight capability is paired with a helmet-mounted sight (HMS) system, enabling the pilot to simply look at a target to guide the missile. This feature drastically reduces the reaction time needed in close air engagements, a critical advantage when pilots maneuver at high speeds and in high-threat environments. Moreover, the AIM-9X is known for its agility and ability to perform sharp turns, allowing it to stay locked onto highly agile enemy fighters.

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