China's Birth Rate Has Fallen To A Historic Low

This will have far-reaching consequences for the Chinese economy.

China's 2025 birth rate is the lowest since 1949, since the People's Republic of China was founded and began keeping birth records. The population in the PRC has declined for four consecutive years amid attempts by politicians to combat the demographic crisis, writes Financial Times.

It is noted that 7.92 million babies were born in China last year. In 2024, the figure was as high as 9.54 million. China's population fell by 3.39 million to 1.405 billion. Thus, after relaxing the one-child policy a decade ago, the PRC still sees no benefit from measures aimed at raising the birth rate.

"China's declining birth rate is inevitable, like a giant stone rolling down a hill. China's one-child policy has accelerated the process. It will be very difficult to reverse it," said Yi Fuxian, an expert on Chinese demography at the University of Wisconsin-Madison.

Demographers say China's population will continue to shrink as baby boomers die off. In 2024, a U.N. study predicted China's population would drop to 1.3 billion by 2050, and to 633 million by 2100. Analysts believe that the Chinese are having fewer babies because they are getting richer and more educated.

The population decline has far-reaching implications for the PRC's economy. As the number of taxpayers shrinks, Beijing will find it difficult to support the growing number of retirees.

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